JavaScript is an interpreted programming or script language from Netscape. It is somewhat similar in capability
to Microsoft's Visual
Basic, Sun's Tcl, the UNIX-derived Perl, and IBM's REXX. JavaScript is a
programming language that is run by most modern browsers. It supports
object-oriented programming and procedural programming. It can be used to control web pages on the client side of the browser,
server-side programs, and even mobile applications.
JavaScript is used in Web
site development to do such things as:
·
Automatically change a formatted date on a Web page
·
Cause a linked-to page to appear in a popup window
·
Cause text or a graphic image to change during a mouse rollover
JavaScript
uses some of the same ideas found in Java, the compiled object-oriented
programming derived
from C++. JavaScript code can be embedded in HTML pages
and interpreted by the Web browser (or client).
History
JavaScript was developed by Brendan Eich in 1995, when Eich was working
for Netscape Communications Corporation. The technology was first called Mocha,
then LiveScript. Eventually it was named JavaScript to follow the marketing of
another programming language called Java. Java was developed by Sun
Microsystems and is a completely different programming language and technology.
JavaScript was a competitive technology to VBScript, a Microsoft product. While
VBScript worked only on the Internet Explorer browser, JavaScript was supported
on other browsers, too. This made JavaScript a preferred language for global
applications, and it eventually pushed out VBScript from the web development
market.
1) AngularJS
Whenever someone hears about
JavaScript, there is a high probability that they have already heard about
AngularJS, as this is the most commonly used JavaScript Framework among the
JavaScript community. Released in 2009, it was developed by Google (which is
convincing enough to use it), and it's an open-source project, which means you
can read, edit and modify the original source code for your specific needs
without giving any money to its developers (isn't that cool?).
If you have difficulty building complex
web applications through pure JavaScript code, then you will jump out of your
seat in excitement to know that it will dramatically ease your life. It
supports the MVC (Model–view–controller) design paradigm which supports standard
two-way data binding. In case you are not familiar with MVC, then know that it
just means that your data is updated on both the front-end (i.e. user-interface
side) and back-end (i.e. coding or server side) whenever it detects some
changes in the engine.
MVC drastically reduces the time and
efforts needed for building complex applications, as you need to focus on one
area at a time (because DOM programming interface synchronizes the view and the
model). As the View components are separated from
theModel components, you can easily build reusable components for amazing
and cool looking user-interfaces!
If for any reason, you have used TypeScript (which
is a language similar to JavaScript), then you will feel at home with
AngularJS, as its syntax highly resembles the TypeScript syntax. This choice
was made to attract the audience as TypeScript was gaining popularity.
Angular 2.0 has recently been released,
which claims to improve the performance of mobile, which is enough to convince
new developers that this framework is high in development and updates
regularly.
There are many users of AngularJS,
including (but not limited to) Udemy, Forbes, GoDaddy, Ford, NBA, The Oscars,
etc.
This JavaScript Framework is highly
recommended for anyone who wants a powerful MVC framework with a strong and
modern infrastructure that takes care of everything for you to build single
page applications. This should be the first stop-shop for any experienced
JavaScript developer
2) React
Similar to AngularJS, React is also
an MVC (Model-View-Controller) type framework, however, it focuses entirely on
the View components (as it was specifically designed for the UI) and
can be seamlessly integrated with any architecture. This means you can use it
right away for your websites!
It abstracts the DOM programming
interface (and thus uses the virtual DOM) from the core functionality, so you
get extremely fast rendering of the UI, which enables you to use it from node.js as
a client-side framework. It was developed as an open-source project by Facebook
with various contributions from other people.
If you have seen and like Facebook and
Instagram’s interfaces, then you will love React. Through React, you can design
simple views for each state in your application, and when the data changes,
then it updates automatically. Any kind of complex UIs can be created, which can
be reused in whatever applications you want. For the servers, React also
supports rendering using node.js. React is flexible enough to use with other
interfaces.
Apart from Facebook and Instagram,
there are several companies that use React, including Whatsapp, BBC, PayPal,
Netflix, Dropbox, etc.
I would highly recommend this Framework
if you just need a front-end development Framework to build an incredibly
complex and awesome UI through the power View Layers, but you are experienced
enough to handle any kind of JavaScript code, and when you don't require the
other components (as you can integrate them yourself).
3) Ember
This JavaScript Framework was released
in 2011 as an open-source project by Yehuda Katz. It has a huge active
community online, so the moment you face any problem, you can ask them. It uses
many common JavaScript idioms and best practices to ensure that developers get
the best right out of the box.
It uses Model–view–viewmodel (MVVM) design pattern, which is slightly different than
MVC in the sense that it has a binder to help the communication
between the view and data binder.
For the fast server-side rendering of a
DOM programming interface, it takes the help ofFastboot.js, so
the resulting applications have extremely enhanced performance of complex UIs.
Its modern routing and model engine
supports RESTful APIs, so you are ensured that you are using the latest
technology. It supports Handlebars integrated templates that update the data
changes automatically.
In 2015, it was named the best
JavaScript Framework, competing against AngularJS and React, which should be
enough to convince you about its usability and desirability in the JavaScript
community.
I would personally highly recommended
this JavaScript Framework to those who don't necessarily need great flexibility
or a large infrastructure, and just prefer to get things done for coping with
deadlines.
4) Adonis
If you have ever
used Laravel and NodeJS, then you will feel extremely
comfortable using this Framework, as it combines the power of these both
platforms resulting in an entity that looks incredibly professional, polished
and yet sophisticated for any kind of modern application.
It uses NodeJS, and thus it's
pretty much a back-end framework with several front-end features (unlike the
previous JavaScript Frameworks that I mentioned that were mostly front-end
frameworks), so newbie developers who are into back-end development will find
this framework quite attractive.
Many developers
prefer SQL databases (due to their increased interaction with data
and several other features) over NoSQL, so this is reflected in this
framework, which makes it relatively more compliant with the standard and more
accessible to the average developer.
If you are the part of any PHP
community, then you must know about the Service
Providers, thankfully, Adonis also has the same
PHP like flavour in it, so you will feel at home using it.
Of all its best features, it has an
extremely powerful routing engine which supports all the functions for
organizing and managing application states, an error handling mechanism, SQL
ORM for writing database queries, generators, arrow functions, proxies and so
on.
I would recommend this Framework if you
love to use stateless REST APIs for building server-side applications, as you
will be quite attracted to it.
5) Vue.js
This open-source JavaScript framework
was released in 2014, supporting an extremely simple API for developing
the Reactive components for Modern Web Interfaces. Its design
emphasized the ease of use. Like Ember, it uses the Model–view–viewmodel (MVVM) design paradigm which helpes in the simplification
of the design.
The attractive feature in this
framework is that you can use selective modules with it for your specific
needs. For example, you need to write simple HTML code, grab the JSON and
create a Vue instance to create the small effects that can reused!
Similar to previous JavaScript Frameworks,
it uses two-way data binding to update the model and view, plus it also uses
binder for communication between the view and data binder. This is not a
full-blown Framework as it focuses entirely on the View Layer, so you would
need to take care of other components on your own.
If you are familiar with AngularJS,
then you will feel at home here, as it heavily incorporates the architecture
of AngularJS, so many projects can be easily transferred to
this Framework if you know the basics of JavaScript.
I would highly recommend this
JavaScript Framework if you just want to get things done or gain JavaScript
programming experience, or if you need to learn the nature of different
JavaScript Frameworks.
6) Backbone.js
This framework can be easily integrated
to any third-party template engine, however, by default it
supports Underscore templates, which is the only dependency (along
withJQuery), thus it is known for its extremely lightweight
nature. It has the RESTful JSONinterface with the support of MVC (Model–view–controller) design paradigm (that updates the front-end
and back-end automatically).
If you ever used the famous social news
networking service reddit, then you will be interested to hear that it uses
the Backbone.js for several of its single-page applications. The
original author of the Backbone.js created the Underscore templates as
well as CoffeScript, so you are assured that the developer knows his
stuff.
This framework provides models with
key-value, views and several modules within a single bundle, so you don't need
to download the other external packages, saving you time. The source-code is
available on Github, which means you can further modify it for your needs.
If you are just looking for a startup
framework to quickly build single-page applications, then this framework is for
you.
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